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What are the yields for modified oligos?

Most 5'-modifications are added as phosphoramidites at the final step of synthesis with ~ 90-95% coupling efficiencies, resulting in a slight loss in final yield versus the guaranteed minimum for unmodified oligos. Final yields for oligos with 3' or internal labels will depend on the coupling efficiency and subsequent purification steps required. The yields for these modifications are typically much lower. Post synthesis processing options (purification, desalting/deprotection, etc) will also reduce the final yield of the oligo. We make every effort to provide the highest quality and the best yields possible, however, quantity yield may vary depend on sequence and type of modifications, Please contact Bio-Synthesis product's Technical Support for more information biosyn@biosyn.com