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| Bio-Synthesis continued to provide quality DNA products and services for the research community, but it has also become a world leader in providing custom peptide products and services. We offer comprehensive services for polyclonal antibody production with large selection for host animals. Each of our facilities is operated under USDA license and holds an NIH Animal Welfare Assurance from the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. |
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Titration Behavior of Amino Acids |
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Amino acids are polyprotic, i.e., they all contain two or three dissociable protons. As a biochemistry student, you will be capable of more precise and quantative analysis of polypeptides and proteins, and their associated functions, if you can accurately analyze the titration behavior of the amino acid side chains. |
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Natural Amino Acids |
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The twenty alpha-amino acids are the primary components of proteins, their incorporation being governed by the genetic code. Many other naturally occurring amino acids exist, and the structures of a few of these are displayed below. Some, such as hydroxylysine and hydroxyproline, are simply functionalized derivatives of a previously described compound. |
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Natural α-Amino Acids |
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Hydrolysis of proteins by boiling aqueous acid or base yields an assortment of small molecules identified as α-aminocarboxylic acids. More than twenty such components have been isolated, and the most common of these are listed in the following table. Those amino acids having green colored names are essential diet components, since they are not synthesized by human metabolic processes. |
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Amine Acylation |
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In order to convert the amine function of an amino acid into an amide, the pH of the solution must be raised to 10 or higher so that free amine nucleophiles are present in the reaction system. Carboxylic acids are all converted to carboxylate anions at such a high pH, and do not interfere with amine acylation reactions. |
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