Amino TEG
Amino-TEG is one of the most versatile functional modifications used in custom oligonucleotide synthesis. It introduces a primary amino group (-NH₂) connected to the oligonucleotide through a triethylene glycol (TEG) spacer, providing a flexible, hydrophilic linker that improves accessibility for subsequent conjugation reactions.
Compared with shorter alkyl amino linkers such as Amino C3 or Amino C6, the TEG spacer increases the separation between the oligonucleotide and the attached molecule. This added flexibility reduces steric hindrance, enhances conjugation efficiency, and often improves biological performance in diagnostic, imaging, and therapeutic research applications.
Bio-Synthesis offers Amino-TEG incorporation into numerous nucleic acid formats, including:
- DNA oligonucleotides
- RNA oligonucleotides
- siRNA
- Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs)
- Aptamers
- PNA
- LNA/BNA oligonucleotides
- Molecular beacon probes
- Hydrolysis (TaqMan®) probes
- FISH probes
- DNA nanostructures
Amino-TEG may be introduced at the:
- 5′ terminus
- 3′ terminus
- Internal positions (when appropriate)
The primary amine readily reacts with numerous electrophilic reagents, including:
- NHS esters
- Sulfo-NHS esters
- Isothiocyanates
- Activated carboxylic acids
- Aldehydes (via reductive amination)
- Activated polymers
- Activated nanoparticles
Common conjugates include:
- Fluorescent dyes
- Biotin
- Digoxigenin
- Peptides
- Proteins
- PEG molecules
- Lipids
- Antibodies
- Nanoparticles
- Enzymes
Typical applications include:
- Fluorescent probe preparation
- Surface immobilization
- Microarray fabrication
- Biosensor development
- DNA nanotechnology
- Aptamer functionalization
- Nanoparticle conjugation
- Bioconjugation chemistry
- Diagnostic assay development
- Therapeutic oligonucleotide conjugation
All Amino-TEG-modified oligonucleotides are synthesized using automated solid-phase phosphoramidite chemistry and are available with optional HPLC purification. Bio-Synthesis also offers custom post-synthetic conjugation services using Amino-TEG-modified oligonucleotides.
Technical note: Amino-TEG is generally preferred over Amino C6 when additional flexibility, hydrophilicity, or reduced steric hindrance is desired, making it one of the most commonly selected amino modifications for dye, biotin, peptide, and nanoparticle conjugation.
Typical Specifications
| Property |
Specification |
| Modification |
Amino-TEG |
| Functional Group |
Primary amine (-NH2) |
| Spacer |
Triethylene glycol (TEG) |
| Spacer Type |
Flexible, hydrophilic linker |
| Typical Placement |
5′ end, 3′ end, or internal positions |
| Compatible Oligonucleotides |
DNA, RNA, PNA, LNA/BNA, siRNA, ASOs, aptamers, probes |
| Common Coupling Partners |
NHS esters, sulfo-NHS esters, activated carboxyl groups, isothiocyanates, aldehydes, activated dyes, peptides, proteins, polymers, nanoparticles |
| Typical Applications |
Dye labeling, biotinylation, peptide conjugation, protein conjugation, surface immobilization, microarrays, biosensors, nanoparticle conjugation |
Product Information
Functional Group Modifications
-20°C To -70°C
Oligonucleotides are stable in solution at 4°C for up to 2 weeks. Properly reconstituted material stored at -20°C should be stable for at least 6 months. Dried DNA (when kept at -20°C) in a nuclease-free environment should be stable for years.
References/Citations:
- Hermanson GT. Bioconjugate Techniques. 3rd ed. Academic Press; 2013.
- Beaucage SL, Iyer RP. Advances in the synthesis of oligonucleotides by the phosphoramidite approach. Tetrahedron. 1992;48:2223-2311.
- Goodchild J. Oligonucleotide conjugates: synthesis and applications. Bioconjugate Chemistry. 1990;1(3):165-187.
- Niemeyer CM. Functional devices from DNA and proteins. Nano Today. 2007;2(3):42-52.
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