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Deuterated Base Modified Oligonucleotides

Stable-isotope labeled DNA and RNA oligonucleotides for LC-MS standards, kinetic isotope effect studies, NMR tracing, and mechanistic research.

Stable Isotope Labeling LC-MS Standards Kinetic Isotope Effects NMR / IR Tracing HPLC / LC-MS QC

Defined Deuterium Labels for Analytical Oligonucleotide Studies

Deuterated base modified oligonucleotides incorporate one or more deuterium (²H/D) substitutions at defined nucleobase positions, such as C8 of purines or 5/6 positions of pyrimidines. These stable-isotope substitutions create predictable mass shifts while generally preserving canonical base-pairing behavior.

Deuterated bases are used for LC-MS quantitation, isotope-dilution internal standards, kinetic isotope effect (KIE) studies, NMR/IR tracing, pharmacokinetic experiments, and development of analytical reference standards.

Bio-Synthesis manufactures custom deuterated DNA and RNA oligonucleotides with defined labeling positions, HPLC/UPLC purification options, LC-MS identity confirmation, optional isotopic enrichment reporting, and fit-for-purpose documentation.

8-D-dmf-dG 8-D-dA 5,6-D2-dU 5-D-dC Custom D-Labeled Controls

Deuterated Base

Defined ²H label placed at a selected nucleobase position.

Mass Shift

Predictable isotope offset supports LC-MS and analytical readouts.

Detection

LC-MS, NMR, IR or isotope-dilution quantitation workflows.

Application

Internal standards, KIE studies, tracing or reference controls.

Why Use Deuterated Base Modified Oligos?

Deuterium labels are compact, stable isotope modifications that provide analytical value without substantially changing the intended oligonucleotide sequence design.

MS

LC-MS Internal Standards

Known mass offsets support isotope-dilution quantitation, recovery studies and matrix-tolerant analytical workflows.

KIE

Kinetic Isotope Effects

Defined isotope placement can help probe enzyme mechanisms, transition states and rate-limiting steps.

NMR

NMR & Spectroscopic Tracing

Deuterium labeling supports molecular tracking and spectral assignment in complex systems.

PK

PK & Metabolism Studies

Stable-isotope labels can distinguish analytes from unlabeled background signals during bioanalytical studies.

Product Offerings: Deuterated Base Modified Oligos

Compare supported deuterated base options by label position, function, application and ordering code.

Representative Deuterated Base Products

Choose the isotope-labeled base according to the desired mass shift, nucleobase position, assay method and analytical validation requirement.

Representative deuterated base-modified phosphoramidites and custom isotope-labeled oligonucleotide controls.

Product / Modification Description Function Application Code
8-D-dmf-dG Phosphoramidite C8-deuterated 2′-deoxyguanosine, dmf-protected and compatible with DNA synthesis. Stable-isotope mass shift LC-MS internal standard; KIE studies [8D-dG]
8-D-dA Phosphoramidite C8-deuterated 2′-deoxyadenosine analog for purine isotope labeling. Isotopic labeling KIE, MS tracing and NMR studies [8D-dA]
5,6-D2-dU Phosphoramidite Pyrimidine base containing two deuteriums at the 5/6 positions. Mass offset / spectral simplification LC-MS quantitation; IR/NMR assignments [D2-dU]
5-D-dC Phosphoramidite 5-position deuterated cytidine analog. Isotopic label Quantitation and mechanistic studies [5D-dC]
Deuterated Control Oligo (Custom) Short duplex or assay control with one to three labeled sites; isotopic %D report available. Internal standard Assay validation and calibration [D-IS]

Availability note: Specific deuterated phosphoramidites, isotopic enrichment, scale and lead time should be confirmed during quote review. Customizations: multiple labeled sites, internal placements, mixed backbones such as 2′-OMe or LNA, PEG/hexa-EG spacers, HPLC/UPLC purification, aliquots, kitting and RUO-to-GMP-like documentation are available on request.

Manufacturing, Deprotection & Analytical QC

Deuterated base projects should be designed around isotope position, H/D exchange risk, analytical resolution and downstream assay requirements.

D

Isotopic Positioning

Common sites include C8 of purines such as G/A and 5/6 positions on pyrimidines such as U/T/C. The label position should balance synthetic stability and analytical resolution.

  • C8 purine labeling
  • 5/6 pyrimidine labeling
  • Custom labeled controls
SYN

Synthesis Compatibility

Phosphoramidites such as 8-D-dmf-dG can be incorporated through standard DNA synthesis workflows under compatible coupling and deprotection conditions.

  • DNA and selected RNA options
  • Standard phosphoramidite workflow
  • Custom scale planning
QC

Analytical Verification

HPLC/UPLC purification, ESI-LC-MS identity confirmation, expected mass-shift review and optional isotopic enrichment information support analytical use.

  • HPLC / UPLC purification
  • LC-MS mass confirmation
  • Optional isotopic %D reporting

Design tip: For quantitative LC-MS assays, place D-labels away from known fragmentation hot spots or validate fragment maps with a pilot duplex before scaling.

Applications for Deuterated Base Modified Oligos

Deuterated oligonucleotides support quantitative, mechanistic and traceability-focused analytical workflows.

MS

LC-MS Quantitation Standards

Stable-isotope internal standards for method development, recovery testing and isotope-dilution quantitation.

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PK

Pharmacokinetic Studies

D-labeled oligos can help distinguish analytes, metabolites or degradation products from unlabeled background.

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KIE

Kinetic Isotope Effect Studies

Mechanistic experiments for polymerase, glycosylase, nuclease or other enzymatic DNA/RNA processing workflows.

Application Use Case

NMR

NMR / IR Tracing

Stable isotope placement can support signal assignment and tracking of labeled oligos in complex systems.

Application Use Case

DDR

DNA Damage & Repair Research

Defined isotope-labeled bases for mechanistic studies involving repair, lesion processing and enzymatic pathways.

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REF

Analytical Reference Standards

Custom reference oligos for assay qualification, release testing support, calibration and analytical method verification.

Application Use Case

Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ

What is a deuterated oligonucleotide?
A deuterated oligonucleotide contains one or more deuterium atoms at defined nucleobase positions. The label creates a predictable mass shift for LC-MS, NMR tracing, isotope-dilution quantitation or kinetic isotope effect studies.
Does deuteration change duplex stability?
Deuterium substitution typically has minimal effect on canonical base-pairing and melting temperature. Designs with multiple D-labels or tight thermal windows should be validated experimentally.
Which deuterated bases are available?
Representative options include 8-D-dmf-dG, 8-D-dA, 5,6-D2-dU, 5-D-dC and custom deuterated control oligonucleotides with one or more labeled positions.
Can Bio-Synthesis provide isotopic enrichment data?
Yes. Depending on the project, each lot can include isotopic percent deuterium information, expected mass shift, LC-MS identity confirmation and a certificate of analysis.
Are deuterated oligos suitable as LC-MS standards?
 Yes. Deuterated oligos are well suited for isotope-dilution LC-MS methods because they provide a defined mass offset while preserving the parent oligonucleotide sequence.
Where should the deuterated base be placed?
 Placement depends on the assay readout. For LC-MS standards, choose positions that provide a clear mass shift and stable fragment behavior. For kinetic isotope effect studies, the deuterium should be placed at the chemically relevant site being interrogated.
Can deuterated bases be combined with other modifications?
 Yes, deuterated bases may be combined with selected backbone, sugar, terminal, spacer or reporter modifications depending on sequence, isotope position and analytical requirements.

Information Helpful for Deuterated Oligo Design

Sequence DNA/RNA sequence and target length
D-Label Position Desired labeled base and sequence position
Assay Use LC-MS, KIE, NMR/IR or standard
Scale Pilot, analytical or larger build
QC Needs HPLC/UPLC, LC-MS, %D and CoA

Need a deuterated oligonucleotide?

Share your sequence, desired deuterated base, labeled position, intended assay, scale, purification target and analytical requirements. Bio-Synthesis can recommend the appropriate isotope-labeled base, synthesis strategy, purification workflow and QC package.

Related Product

Related analytical and modified-base oligonucleotide services.

Fast Quote Checklist

Include sequence, label, position, assay, scale and QC.

Sequence D-Label Position Assay QC

Scientific Background & Recommended Reading

Selected references covering stable isotope labeling, kinetic isotope effects, deuterium effects in biomolecular systems, and LC-MS isotope-dilution quantitation. These references provide scientific background rather than product-performance claims.

  1. Simmons EM, Hartwig JF. On the Interpretation of Deuterium Kinetic Isotope Effects in C-H Bond Functionalizations by Transition-Metal Complexes. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2012;51(13):3066-3072. DOI
  2. Kushner DJ, Baker A, Dunstall TG. Pharmacological uses and perspectives of heavy water and deuterated compounds. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 1999;77(2):79-88. DOI
  3. Willoughby R, Sheehan E, Mitrovich S. A Global View of LC/MS: How to Solve Your Most Challenging Analytical Problems. Global View Publishing; 2002. Background reference for LC-MS method development and isotope-based quantitation workflows.
  4. Atzrodt J, Derdau V, Kerr WJ, Reid M. Deuterium- and Tritium-Labelled Compounds: Applications in the Life Sciences. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2018;57(7):1758-1784. DOI
  5. Stable-isotope dilution LC-MS workflows. Literature on isotope-dilution mass spectrometry supports the use of isotopically labeled internal standards for quantitation, recovery assessment and method validation.

Note: Reference selection should be aligned with the final assay method, isotope position, instrument platform and quantitative workflow. Bio-Synthesis can help align specific literature protocols to the proposed sequence and QC plan.

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